2658-6533Research Results in Biomedicine2658-653310.18413/2658-6533-2024-10-2-1-03427Medicine (miscellaneous)<strong>Relationship between the cognitive status of the long-living adults of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation and socioeconomic factors: analysis of associations</strong><br /> &nbsp;<strong>Relationship between the cognitive status of the long-living adults of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation and socioeconomic factors: analysis of associations</strong><br /> &nbsp;EremaVeronika V.EremaVeronika V.dveronika784@gmail.comMamchurAlexandra A.MamchurAlexandra A.AMamchur@cspfmba.ruKashtanovaDaria A.KashtanovaDaria A.dr.kashtanova@gmail.comIvanovMikhail V.IvanovMikhail V.MIvanov@cspfmba.ruRumyantsevaAntonina M.RumyantsevaAntonina M.Rumyantseva@cspfmba.ruAkopyanAnna A.AkopyanAnna A.a.alexandrova18@gmail.comYudinVladimir S.YudinVladimir S.VYudin@cspfmba.ruMakarovValentin V.MakarovValentin V.Makarov@cspfmba.ruKeskinovAnton A.KeskinovAnton A.Keskinov@cspfmba.ruStrazheskoIrina D.StrazheskoIrina D.strazhesko_id@rgnkc.ruTkachevaOlga N.TkachevaOlga N.tkacheva@rambler.ruKraevoySergey A.KraevoySergey A.SKraevoy@cspfmba.ruYudinSergey M.YudinSergey M.yudin@cspmz.ru202410200

Background: In recent years, an increase in the number of long-living adults has been a dominant demographic trend in Russia. This population group is highly susceptible to cognitive dysfunctions. Cognitive impairment disrupts the lives of those affected and puts an immense burden on their caregivers. Currently, there are no clinically applicable therapies or prevention strategies for cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is critically important to determine which lifestyle factors contribute to cognitive decline and to develop well-informed preventive strategies. The aim of the study: The study sought to identify the association between cognitive status and lifestyle. Materials and methods: The participants (n=2762) were recruited from 2019 to 2021 from the central regions of Russia. Detailed medical/case histories were obtained, including marital status, education, and social and economic background. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive status. The Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-squared test were used to test the associations between the sex and the factors under study. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations between the factors and cognitive impairment. Results: Age, sex, lower levels of education, and lower income were risk factors of cognitive impairment. Engaging in physical activity, hobbies, and having a pet were protective against cognitive impairment. In women, cognitive dysfunctions were correlated with the duration of menopause. The predictive model for cognitive dysfunctions based on sex, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors generated (ROC AUC=0.687). Conclusion: The findings confirmed that cognitive dysfunctions in long-living adults were associated with the socioeconomic factors, marital status, and lifestyle. The proposed model makes it possible to assess in advance the risk of developing cognitive impairments in old age and take measures to correct lifestyle to preserve brain functions

Background: In recent years, an increase in the number of long-living adults has been a dominant demographic trend in Russia. This population group is highly susceptible to cognitive dysfunctions. Cognitive impairment disrupts the lives of those affected and puts an immense burden on their caregivers. Currently, there are no clinically applicable therapies or prevention strategies for cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is critically important to determine which lifestyle factors contribute to cognitive decline and to develop well-informed preventive strategies. The aim of the study: The study sought to identify the association between cognitive status and lifestyle. Materials and methods: The participants (n=2762) were recruited from 2019 to 2021 from the central regions of Russia. Detailed medical/case histories were obtained, including marital status, education, and social and economic background. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive status. The Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-squared test were used to test the associations between the sex and the factors under study. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations between the factors and cognitive impairment. Results: Age, sex, lower levels of education, and lower income were risk factors of cognitive impairment. Engaging in physical activity, hobbies, and having a pet were protective against cognitive impairment. In women, cognitive dysfunctions were correlated with the duration of menopause. The predictive model for cognitive dysfunctions based on sex, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors generated (ROC AUC=0.687). Conclusion: The findings confirmed that cognitive dysfunctions in long-living adults were associated with the socioeconomic factors, marital status, and lifestyle. The proposed model makes it possible to assess in advance the risk of developing cognitive impairments in old age and take measures to correct lifestyle to preserve brain functions

cognitive impairmentlong-living adultsMMSElifestylerisk factorcognitive impairmentlong-living adultsMMSElifestylerisk factorСписок литературыPerls T. Dementia-free centenarians. Experimental Gerontology. 2004;39(11-12):1587-1593. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2004.08.015Nybo H, Petersen HC, Gaist D, et al. Predictors of mortality in 2,249 nonagenarians--the Danish 1905-Cohort Survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2003;51(10):1365-1373. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51453.xMolino-Lova R, Sofi F, Pasquini G, et al. The Mugello study, a survey of nonagenarians living in Tuscany: design, methods and participants&rsquo; general characteristics. European Journal of Internal Medicine. 2013;24(8):745-749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2013.09.008Herr M, Arvieu JJ, Robine JM, et. al. Health, frailty and disability after ninety: Results of an observational study in France. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatric. 2016;66:166-175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2016.06.002Han B, Chen H, Yao Y, et al. Genetic and non-genetic factors associated with the phenotype of exceptional longevity &amp; normal cognition. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):19140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75446-2Chang-Quan H, Bi-Rong D, Yan Z. Association between sleep quality and cognitive impairment among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2012;29(3):250-255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/WNP.0b013e3182570f2eHuang C-Q, Dong B-R, Zhang Y-L, et al. Association of cognitive impairment with smoking, alcohol consumption, tea consumption, and exercise among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology. 2009;22(3):190-196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0b013e3181b2790bWang B, He P, Dong B. Associations between social networks, social contacts, and cognitive function among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2015;60(3):522-527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.002Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. &ldquo;Mini-mental state&rdquo;. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1975;12(3):189-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6Clinical guidelines &ldquo;Cognitive disorders in the elderly and senile age&rdquo; [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Dec 09]. Available from: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/617_1Kashtanova DA, Taraskina AN, Erema VV, et al. Analyzing Successful Aging and Longevity: Risk Factors and Health Promoters in 2020 Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(3):8178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138178Austad SN, Bartke A. Sex Differences in Longevity and in Responses to Anti-Aging Interventions: A Mini-Review. Gerontology. 2015;62(1):40-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000381472Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu J. Deaths: Final Data for 2011. National Vital Statistics Reports. 2015;63(3):1-120.Chen Z-C, Wu H, Wang X-D, et al. Association between marital status and cognitive impairment based on a cross-sectional study in China. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2022;37(1):5649. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5649Kouloutbani K, Karteroliotis K, Politis A. The effect of physical activity on dementia. Psychiatriki. 2019;30(2):142-155. Greek. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22365/jpsych.2019.302.142De la Rosa A, Olaso-Gonzalez G, Arc-Chagnaud C, et al. Physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2020;9(5):394-404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.01.004Friedler B, Crapser J, McCullough L. One is the deadliest number: the detrimental effects of social isolation on cerebrovascular diseases and cognition. Acta Neuropathologica. 2015;129(4):493-509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-014-1377-9Norton S, Matthews FE, Barnes DE, et. al. Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease: an analysis of population-based data. The Lancet Neurology. 2014;13(8):788-794. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70136-XKuiper JS, Zuidersma M, Oude Voshaar RC, et al. Social relationships and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Ageing Research Reviews. 2015;22:39-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2015.04.006Blesa R, Pujol M, Aguilar M, et al. Clinical validity of the &ldquo;mini-mental state&rdquo; for Spanish speaking communities. Neuropsychologia. 2001;39(11):1150-1157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00055-0Xing Y, Jia JP, Ji XJ, et al. Estrogen associated gene polymorphisms and their interactions in the progress of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease. Progress in Neurobiology. 2013;111:53-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.09.006Brinton RD, Yao J, Yin F, et al. Perimenopause as a neurological transition state. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2015;11(7):393-405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2015.82Villaseca P, Cisternas P, Inestrosa NC. Menopause and development of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease: Roles of neural glucose metabolism and Wnt signaling. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2022;13:1021796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1021796