Despite a well-defined clinical picture, botulism is one of the diseases in which there is a significant number of diagnostic errors, that may be explained by its rarity and lack of knowledge of doctors of various specialties. The presence of symptoms common to many non-communicable diseases usually causes patients to refer to doctors of various specialties (neurologists, ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, therapists, and others.), who very rarely make a correct primary diagnosis. That may be connected both with the features of the disease (including atypical) and the age of patients usually having an associated therapeutic and/or neurological history, to which many important diagnostic symptoms and syndromes are written off.