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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2313-8955-2019-5-1-0-1</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Генетика</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование метода Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) и его модификаций для анализа ген-генных и генно-средовых взаимодействий при генетико-эпидемиологических исследованиях (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using the method of Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) and its modifications for analysis of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in genetic-epidemiological studies (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ponomarenko_i@bsu.edu.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2018/4/Биомедицинские_иссл-5-22.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: При генетико-эпидемиологическом исследовании мультифакториальных признаков (заболеваний) важной задачей является оценка ген-генных и генно-средовых взаимодействий, ассоциированных с изучаемым фенотипом. Цель исследования: Провести систематический анализ данных, имеющихся в современной литературе, о возможностях метода Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) и его различных модификаций (GMDR, MB-MDR) при изучении ген-генных и генно-средовых взаимодействий. Материалы и методы: В обзор включены современные данные зарубежных и отечественных статей, найденные в Pubmed по данной теме. Результаты: Метод MDR дает возможность оценивать ген-генные и генно-средовые взаимодействия, ассоциированные с качественными фенотипами с учетом коррекции на качественные ковариаты и проводить их валидацию с помощью пермутационного теста. Так же он позволяет проводить кросс-валидацию моделей, оценивать характер (synergy, additive, redundancy) и силу (доля вклада в энтропию) этих взаимодействий и их визуализировать графически. Данный метод не дает возможность изучать количественные фенотипы и учитывать количественные ковариаты. Метод MB-MDR позволяет анализировать межгенные и генно-средовые взаимодействия, ассоциированные с качественными и количественными фенотипами, учитывать в анализе ковариаты, проводить валидацию полученных моделей с помощью пермутационного теста, а также определять отдельные комбинации факторов, ассоциированные с исследуемыми фенотипами с учетом ковариат и значимости (рисковое или протективное значение). Метод GMDR дает возможность оценивать ген-генные и генно-средовые взаимодействия, ассоциированные с качественными фенотипами с учетом коррекции на качественные и количественные ковариаты, проводить их валидацию с помощью пермутационного теста и визуализировать графически, позволяет проводить кросс-валидацию наиболее значимых моделей с учетом коррекции на ковариаты и множественные сравнения (пермутационный тест). Заключение: При генетико-эпидемиологическом исследовании наиболее оптимальным является использование вначале метода MB-MDR для установления наиболее значимых SNP&amp;times;SNP и генно-средовых взаимодействий, их валидация с помощью пермутационного теста, а также определение конкретных комбинаций, ассоциированных с исследуемым фенотипом. Далее с помощью метода GMDR проведение кросс-валидации наиболее значимых моделей с учетом коррекции на ковариаты и множественные сравнения (пермутационный тест). Затем использование метода MDR для оценки характера (synergy, additive, redundancy) и силы (доля вклада в энтропию) SNP&amp;times;SNP и генно-средовых взаимодействий и их графической визуализации. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:&amp;nbsp;In the genetic and epidemiological study of multifactorial signs (diseases), an important task is to assess the genetic and genetic-environmental interactions associated with the studied phenotype. The aim of the study:&amp;nbsp;To carry out a systematic analysis of the data available in the modern literature on the possibilities of the method of Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) and its various modifications (GMDR, MB-MDR) in the study of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Materials and methods:&amp;nbsp;The review includes modern data of foreign and domestic articles on this topic found in Pubmed. Results:&amp;nbsp;The MDR method makes it possible to evaluate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions associated with qualitative phenotypes, taking into account the correction for qualitative covariates and to carry out their validation using a permutation test. It also allows for cross-validation of models, assessment of the nature (synergy, additive, redundancy) and strength (contribution to entropy) of these interactions and their graphical visualization. This method makes it impossible to study quantitative phenotypes and to take into account quantitative covariates. The MB-MDR method allows to analyze the intergenic and gene-environment interactions associated with qualitative and quantitative phenotypes, to take into account covariates in the analysis, to validate the obtained models using the permutation test, and to determine individual combinations of factors associated with the studied phenotypes, taking into account covariates and significance (risk or protective value). The GMDR method makes it possible to evaluate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions associated with qualitative phenotypes with regard to correction for qualitative and quantitative covariates, to carry out their validation using the permutation test and visualize graphically; it allows for cross-validation of the most significant models, taking into account correction for covariates and multiple comparisons (permutation test). Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;In the genetic-epidemiological study, the most optimal method is to use the MB-MDR method to establish the most significant SNP&amp;times;SNP and gene-environment interactions, their validation by means of the permutation test, as well as to determine the specific combinations associated with the phenotype under study. Next, using the GMDR method, cross-validation of the most significant models, taking into account the correction for covariates and multiple comparisons (permutation test), and, finally, the use of the MDR method to estimate the nature (synergy, additive, redundancy) and strength (contribution to entropy) of SNP&amp;times;SNP and gene-environment interactions and their graphical visualization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>ассоциации</kwd><kwd>SNP×SNP взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>генно-средовые взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>MDR</kwd><kwd>MB-MDR</kwd><kwd>GMDR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>associations</kwd><kwd>SNP×SNP interactions</kwd><kwd>gene-environment interactions</kwd><kwd>MDR</kwd><kwd>MB-MDR</kwd><kwd>GMDR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Dvornyk V., Haq W. 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