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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2020-6-3-0-10</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Особенности течения инфаркта миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST у больных пожилого и старческого возраста&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Features of myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation in patients of the older age group&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>Ol'ga А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>OOsipova@gnicpm.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букатов</surname><given-names>Владислав Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukatov</surname><given-names>Vladislav V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>v.bukatoff@yandex.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2020/3/document._сентябрь_2020._pdf-106-120.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: Несмотря на то, что заболеваемость инфарктом миокарда (ИМ) остается крайне высокой, а средний возраст больных (учитывая рост средней продолжительности жизни) находится в группе пожилого возраста, в настоящее время не получено достаточно данных о течении заболевания у этой возрастной группы. Большинство клинических исследований направлено на группу среднего возраста (45-60 лет). Цель исследования: Анализ литературных данных посвященных особенностям течения инфаркта миокарда у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста, а также ближайшему и отдаленному прогнозу выживаемости и социальной реабилитации. Материалы и методы: Проанализирована современная отечественная и зарубежная литература, в том числе представленные в современных научных базах данные PubMed, E-library, Web of Science, Scopus по особенностям течения инфаркта миокарда у пациентов пожилого и старческого возрастов, в том числе встречающиеся когнитивные расстройства. Результаты: Благодаря тем немногим научным исследованиям, которые занимались ИМ у лиц пожилой и старческой возрастных групп, установлено, что у этих возрастных групп чаще встречаются атипичные проявления ИМ, что затрудняет диагностику данного заболевания и замедляет назначение своевременного лечения. Известно, что у пожилых и старческих лиц без полиморбидной патологии стратегия тромболитической терапии против чрезкожного коронарного вмешательства (ЧКВ) не показала значимой разницы в отдаленном прогнозе. Однако у пациентов с полиморбидной патологией огромное преимущество получила стратегия первичного ЧКВ. Однако, несмотря на эти достоверные факты, большая группа пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста не получает необходимого медицинского вмешательства из-за различных необоснованных причин, что резко ухудшает кратковременный и долгосрочный прогноз у таких пациентов. Была непосредственно установлена взаимосвязь у больных деменцией перенесших ИМ. Однако этих данных недостаточно, чтобы сделать глубокие выводы. Заключение: Особенности протекания ИМ у пациентов пожилых и старческих возрастных групп нуждаются в дальнейшем научном исследовании. В ближайшем и отдаленном прогнозе у пациентов старших возрастных групп остаются открытыми вопросы о преимуществе первичного ЧКВ над консервативной тактикой, введения ИМ у пожилых и старческих больных без мультифакторной патологии. Остается открытым также вопрос о тактики ведения &amp;laquo;хрупких&amp;raquo; больных, пациентов страдающих старческой астенией и больных с различными формами когнитивной дисфункции. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:&amp;nbsp;Despite the fact that the incidence of myocardial infarction remains extremely high, and the average age of patients (given the increase in average life expectancy) is in the elderly group, there is currently insufficient data on the course of the disease in this age group. Most clinical studies focus on the middle-aged group (45-60 years). The aim of the study:&amp;nbsp;Analysis of literature data on the features of the course of myocardial infarction in patients of an older age group, as well as the near and distant prognosis of survival and social rehabilitation. Materials and methods:&amp;nbsp;The authors have analyzed modern domestic and foreign literature, including those presented in modern scientific databases PubMed, E-library, Web of Science, and Scopus, on the characteristics of myocardial infarction in elderly patients, including cognitive disorders. Results:&amp;nbsp;Thanks to the few scientific studies that involved MI in people of an older age group, it was found that atypical manifestations of myocardial infarction are more common in patients of an older age group, which complicates the diagnosis of this disease and slows down timely treatment. It is also clear that in elderly people without polymorbid pathology, the strategy of thrombolytic therapy against percutaneous intervention (PCI) did not show a significant difference in the long-term prognosis, however, in patients with polymorbid pathology there is a huge advantage to the strategy of primary PCI, however, despite these reliable facts, a large group of elderly and senile patients do not receive the necessary medical intervention due to various unreasonable reasons, which sharply worsens the short-term and long-term prognosis in such patients. Also, a relationship was directly established in patients with dementia with MI. These data are not enough to draw deep conclusions. Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;The characteristics of MI in patients of older age groups need further scientific research. In the near and long-term prognosis in patients of older age groups, some questions remain about the advantage of primary PCI over the conservative tactics of administering MI in elderly and senile patients without multifactorial pathology. The question of the tactics of introducing &amp;ldquo;fragile&amp;rdquo; patients and patients suffering from various forms of cognitive dysfunction also remains open. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>пожилые и старческие пациенты</kwd><kwd>тромболизис</kwd><kwd>чрезкожное коронарное вмешательство</kwd><kwd>хрупкость</kwd><kwd>когнитивные расстройства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary heart disease</kwd><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>elderly patients</kwd><kwd>thrombolysis</kwd><kwd>percutaneous coronary intervention</kwd><kwd>fragility</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Windecker S, Kolh P, Alfonso F, et al. 2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization: The Task Force on Myocardial Revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI). 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