<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2 20190208//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2020-6-4-0-10</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2185</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Питание и дефицит цинка при беременности: обзор литературы&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pregnancy Nutrition and Zinc Deficiency: Review&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохорова</surname><given-names>Ольга Валентиновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>prokhorova-ov@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олина</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olina</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olina29@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2020/4/Биомед._Выпуск_4_2020-105-119.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: Дефицит цинка среди беременных является распространенным явлением во многих странах, и низкие концентрации циркулирующего цинка в материнской крови связаны с осложнениями беременности. Питание беременной представляет собой базовый фактор, определяющий цинковый статус пациентки. Цель исследования: На основе изучения современных литературных данных провести анализ результатов научных исследований, посвященных особенностям метаболизма цинка при беременности, а также патологии гестационного процесса при цинкдефицитных состояниях. Материалы и методы: Изучены данные литературы по ключевым словам: zinc deficiency, nutrition, pregnancy, pregnancy complications за период с 2004 по 2020 годы в базах данных PubMed, Elibrary. Результаты: Согласно мнению экспертов Всемирной организации здравоохранения, в настоящее время субоптимальное цинковое питание характерно почти для половины населения мира. Цинк играет ключевую роль в ходе эмбриогенеза, внутриутробного развития плода и секреции молока. Состояние дефицита цинка во время беременности может возникать несколькими путями, включая потребление небольших количеств цинка в рационе, использование рационов, содержащих факторы, которые препятствуют усвоению цинка, и разнообразные генетические факторы. Научно доказан вклад дефицита цинка в возникновение и реализацию таких осложнений гестации как преэклампсия, плацентарная недостаточность и преждевременные роды. Хроническая гипоксия плода, ведущая к формированию синдрома задержки его роста, а также некоторые врожденные мальформации также могут быть ассоциированы с дефицитом цинка. Заключение: Дефицит цинка может влиять на течение гестации на разных уровнях, реализуя свое действие через различные биохимические механизмы. Согласно целому ряду современных зарубежных исследований различного уровня, дефицит цинка ассоциирован с такими серьезными акушерскими осложнениями как гипертензивные нарушения, маловесность, недоношенность и врожденные аномалии развития новорожденных, а также репродуктивные потери на различных сроках беременности. Несмотря на большое количество исследований различного уровня, описывающих потенциальные взаимосвязи между материнским цинковым статусом, его пищевым потреблением и осложнениями беременности, окончательная и однозначная точка зрения по данному вопросу в современном научном сообществе отсутствует.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Zinc deficiency during pregnancy is common in many countries, and low concentrations of circulating zinc in maternal blood are associated with pregnancy complications. Pregnant nutrition is a basic factor determining the patient&amp;rsquo;s zinc status. The aim of the study: An analysis of the results of scientific studies on the features of zinc metabolism during pregnancy, as well as the pathology of the gestational process in zinc-deficient conditions, is carried out. Materials and methods: Some literature data on the following keywords were studied: zinc deficiency, nutrition, pregnancy, pregnancy complications for the period from 2004 to 2020 in the databases PubMed, Elibrary. Results: According to experts of the World Health Organization, at present, suboptimal zinc nutrition is characteristic of almost half of the world&amp;#39;s population. Zinc plays a key role in embryogenesis, fetal development, and milk secretion. A state of zinc deficiency during pregnancy can occur in several ways, including the consumption of small amounts of zinc in the diet, the use of diets containing factors that inhibit the absorption of zinc, and a variety of genetic factors. The contribution of zinc deficiency to the occurrence and implementation of gestational complications such as preeclampsia, placental insufficiency and premature birth has been scientifically proven. Chronic fetal hypoxia, leading to fetal growth retardation, as well as some congenital malformations can also be associated with zinc deficiency. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency can affect the course of gestation at different levels, realizing its action through various biochemical mechanisms. According to a number of modern foreign studies at various levels, zinc deficiency is associated with such serious obstetric complications as hypertensive disorders, low birth weight, prematurity and congenital malformations of newborns, as well as reproductive losses at different stages of pregnancy. Despite a large number of studies at various levels that describe the potential relationships between maternal zinc status, its nutritional intake and pregnancy complications, there is no final and unambiguous point of view on this issue in the modern scientific community.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит цинка</kwd><kwd>питание</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>осложнения беременности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>zinc deficiency</kwd><kwd>nutrition</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>pregnancy complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Grieger JA, Clifton VL. A review of the impact of dietary intakes in human pregnancy on infant birthweight. Nutrients. 2015;7(1):153-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7010153</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><mixed-citation>Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: Global and regional exposures and health consequences. The Lancet. 2008;371(9608):243-60. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61690-0</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><mixed-citation>Caggiano V, Schnitzler R, Strauss W, et al. Zinc deficiency in a patient with retarded growth, hypogonadism, hypogammaglobulinemia, and chronic infection. American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 1969;257:305-19.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><mixed-citation>Organisation WH. Fact Sheet No 290&amp;mdash;Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2015 [cited 2020 April 13];6. URL: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/millennium-development-goals-(mdgs)#</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><mixed-citation>Caulfield LE, Black RE. Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors. World Health Organization; Geneva, Swizterland. 2004;257-279.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><mixed-citation>Wessells KR, Brown KH. Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: Results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:641. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050568</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><mixed-citation>Wessels I, Maywald М, Rink L. Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function. Nutrients. 2017;9(12):1286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9121286</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><mixed-citation>Skrajnowska D, Bobrowska-Korczak B. Role of Zinc in Immune System and Anti-Cancer Defense Mechanisms. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2273. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102273</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><mixed-citation>Emokpae MA, Fatimehin EB, Obazelu PA. Serum levels of copper, zinc and disease severity scores in sickle cell disease patients in Benin City, Nigeria. African Health Sciences. 2019;19(3):2798-2805. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.56</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><mixed-citation>Вerhe K, Gebrearegay F, Gebremariam H. Prevalence and associated factors of zinc deficiency among pregnant women and children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1663. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7979-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><mixed-citation>Benes B, Spevackova V, Smid J, et al. Effects of age, BMI, smoking and contraception on levels of Cu, Se and Zn in the blood of the population in the Czech Republic. Central European Journal of Public Health. 2005;13(4):202-207.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><mixed-citation>Walker JB, Houseman J, Seddon L, et al. Maternal and umbilical cord blood levels of mercury, lead, cadmium, and essential trace elements in Arctic Canada. Environmental Research. 2006;100(3):295-318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.05.006</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><mixed-citation>Bailey RL, West KP Jr, Black RE. The Epidemiology of Global Micronutrient Deficiencies. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2015;66(2):22-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000371618</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><mixed-citation>Maret W. Molecular aspects of human cellular zinc homeostasis: Redox control of zinc potentials and zinc signals. Biometals. 2009;22:149-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-008-9186-z</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><mixed-citation>King JC. Zinc: An Essential but Elusive Nutrient. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011;94:679S-684S. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.005744</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><mixed-citation>Donangelo CM, King JC. Maternal zinc intakes and homeostatic adjustments during pregnancy and lactation. Nutrients. 2012;4(7):782-798. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu4070782</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><mixed-citation>Donangelo CM, Zapata CL, Woodhouse LR, et al. Zinc absorption and kinetics during pregnancy and lactation in Brazilian women. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2005;82(1):118-124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/82.1.118</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><mixed-citation>Krężel A, Maret W. The Functions of Metamorphic Metallothioneins in Zinc and Copper Metabolism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017;18(6):E1237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061237</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><mixed-citation>LE, Donangelo CM, Chen P, et al. Red blood cell metallothionein as an indicator of zinc status during pregnancy. Nutrition. 2008;24(11-12):1081-1087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2008.05.011</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><mixed-citation>Hijova E. Metallothioneins and zinc: Their functions and interactions. Bratislava Medical Journal. 2004;105(5-6):230-234.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><mixed-citation>Dempsey C, McCormic NH, Croxford TP, et al. Marginal maternal zinc deficiency in lactating mice reduces secretory capacity and alters milk composition. The Journal of Nutrition. 2012;142(4):655-660. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.150623</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><mixed-citation>Kim JT, Baek SH, Lee SH et al. Zinc-deficient diet decreases fetal long bone growth through decreased bone matrix formation in mice. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2009;12:118-123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2007.0647</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><mixed-citation>McCormick NH, King J, Krebs N, et al. Redistribution of tissue zinc pools during lactation and dyshomeostasis during marginal zinc deficiency in mice. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2014;29:170-175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><mixed-citation>Tian X, Anthony K, Neuberger T, et al. Preconception zinc deficiency disrupts postimplantation fetal and placental development in mice. Biology of Reproduction. 2014;90(4):83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.113.113910</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><mixed-citation>Ota E, Mori R, Middleton P, et al. Zinc supplementation for improving pregnancy and infant outcome [Internet]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 [cited 2020 April 13];2:CD000230. URL: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000230.pub5/abstract&amp;nbsp; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000230.pub5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><mixed-citation>SS, Shayegh S, Tajaddin MH, et al. Association of Cord Blood Zinc Level and Birth Weight in a Sample of Iranian Neonates. &amp;nbsp;International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2020;24(11):3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_160_19</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><mixed-citation>Рекомендации ВОЗ по оказанию дородовой помощи как средству формирования позитивного опыта беременности [Электронный ресурс] [дата обращения 13.04.2020]. URL: https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/anc-positive-pregnancy-experience/ru/</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><mixed-citation>Гжегоцкий МР, Суходольская НВ. Влияние меди, цинка, кадмия и свинца на вероятность развития угрозы прерывания беременности. Репродуктивное здоровье. Восточная Европа. 2014;1(31):43-49.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><mixed-citation>Ших ЕВ, Махова АА, Гребенщикова ЛЮ. Профилактика недостатка цинка у беременных женщин. Consilium Medicum. 2015;17(6):32-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/2075-1753_2015.6.32-36</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><mixed-citation>Prasad AS. Clinical, immunological, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles of zinc. Experimental Gerontology. 2008;43(5):370-377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2007.10.013</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><mixed-citation>Al-Jameil N, Tabassum H, Al-Mayouf H, et al. Analysis of serum trace elements-copper, manganese and zinc in preeclamptic pregnant women by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry: A prospective case controlled study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 2014;7(5):1900-1910.&amp;nbsp;</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><mixed-citation>Thaker R, Oza H, Shaikin I, et al. Correlation of Copper and Zinc in Spontaneous Abortion. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2019;13(2):97-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22074/ijfs.2019.5586/</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><mixed-citation>K, Arslan A, Uckan K, et al. Change of the levels of trace elements and heavy metals in threatened abortion. &amp;nbsp;Journal of the Chinese Medical Association. 2019;82(7):554-557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000077</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><mixed-citation>Carmichael SL,&amp;nbsp;Yang W, Shaw GM. Maternal Dietary Nutrient Intake and Risk of Preterm Delivery. &amp;nbsp;American Journal of Perinatology. 2013;30(7):579-588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1329686</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><mixed-citation>Wilson RL, Grieger JA, Bianco-Miotto T, et al. Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2016;8(10):E641. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8100641</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><mixed-citation>National Health and Medical Research Council. Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand [Internet]. NHMRC; Canberra, Australia; 2005 [cited 2020 April 13]. URL: https://www.nhmrc.gov.au /sites/default/ files/ images/nutrient-refererence-dietary-intakes.pdf</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><mixed-citation>Fischer Walker CL, Ezzati M, Black RE. Global and regional child mortality and burden of disease attributable to zinc deficiency. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2009;63:591-597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2008.9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><mixed-citation>Rwebembera AA-B, Munubhi EKD, Manji KP, et al. Relationship between infant birth weight &amp;lt;/=2000 g and maternal zinc levels at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics. 2006;52(2):118-125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmi077</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><mixed-citation>Negandhi &amp;nbsp;PH, Negandhi HN, Zodpey SP, et al. Risk factors for low birth weight in an Indian urban setting: a nested case control study. &amp;nbsp;Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2014;26(5):461-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539511431486</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><mixed-citation>Abass RM, Hamdam HZ, Elhassan EM, et al. Zinc and copper levels in low birth weight deliveries in Medani Hospital, Sudan. BMC Research Notes. 2014;7:641. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-386</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><mixed-citation>Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet. 2013;382(9890):427-451. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><mixed-citation>Громова ОА, Торшин ИЮ, Демидов ВИ, и др. Роль остеотропных минералов в профилактике и комплексном лечении перелома берцовой кости: результаты рандомизированного плацебо-контролируемого экспер. Лечащий врач. 2014;11:89-93.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><mixed-citation>Moghimi Maternal zinc deficiency and congenital anomalies in newborns.&amp;nbsp;Pediatrics International. 2017;59(4):443-446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.13176</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><mixed-citation>Ni W, Yang W, Yu J, et al. Association between selected essential trace element concentrations in umbilical cord and risk for cleft lip with or without cleft palate: A case-control study. Science of the Total Environment. 2019;15;661:196-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.171</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><mixed-citation>N, Basaranoglu M, Huyut Z, et al. The relationship between mother and infant plasma trace element and heavy metal levels and the risk of neural tube defect in infants. &amp;nbsp;Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2019;32(9):1433-1440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1408064</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><mixed-citation>Аdamo AM, Liu X, Mathieu P, et al. Early Developmental Marginal Zinc Deficiency Affects Neurogenesis Decreasing Neuronal Number and Altering Neuronal Specification in the Adult Rat Brain. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2019;1(13):62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00062</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>