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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2021-7-3-0-7</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2492</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Фармакология, клиническая фармакология</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Спектр фармакологической активности разных групп природных соединений листьев лавра обыкновенного и выбор оптимального экстрагента для извлечения эфирного масла из них&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;The spectrum of pharmacological activity of different groups of natural compounds of laurel leaves and the choice of the optimal extractant for the extraction of essential oil from them&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полоусова</surname><given-names>Юлия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polousova</surname><given-names>Yulia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>stolyarova-83@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarev</surname><given-names>Dmitri I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>juniper05@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Олег Олегович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>Oleg O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ole9222@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамович</surname><given-names>Римма Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramovich</surname><given-names>Rimma А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>abramovich_ra@pfur.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саканян</surname><given-names>Карен Маисович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakanyan</surname><given-names>Karen M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>sakanyankm@minzdrav.gov.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2021/3/ПАЛАУСОВА.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность:&amp;nbsp;Лавр благородный &amp;ndash; Laurus nobilis L., растение, листья которого широко используются в кулинарии и находят применение в народной медицине. Листья L. nobilis L. содержат более 80 летучих компонентов, представленных в основном моноциклическими монотерпенами. Выявление всё новых терапевтических свойств растения свидетельствует о неполностью нераскрытом его терапевтическом потенциале. Однако, несмотря на внушительный терапевтический потенциал у растения, в отечественной научной медицине его не используют. Цель исследования:&amp;nbsp;Описание спектра видов фармакологической активности L. nobilis L. и выбор оптимального экстрагента для извлечения эфирного масла из листьев исследуемого объекта. Материалы и методы:&amp;nbsp;В качестве исследуемого материала использовались листья лавра. Эфирное масло из листьев получали экстракцией фреонами, в качестве которых выбраны метоксинонафторбутан и фторкетон. Экстрагентом сравнения являлся н-гексан. Методом исследования эфирных масел явилась хромато-масс-спектрометрия. Хроматографирование проводили на газовом хроматографе &amp;ndash; масс-спектрометре &amp;ndash; GCMS-QP2010 Ultra, &amp;laquo;Shimadzu&amp;raquo;, Япония. Ионизация осуществляется в режиме электронного удара, детекция по полному ионному току (SCAN) в режиме программируемых температур. Результаты:&amp;nbsp;Согласно литературным данным, эфирное масло листьев L. nobilis L. обладает выраженным антибактериальным, антиоксидантным и противовоспалительным действием. Полифенольные соединения листьев L. nobilis L., представлены флавоноидами, производными кемпферола и кверцетина. При этом считается, что флавоноиды ответственны за гипогликемический, инсулярнопротекторный, антиоксидантный эффекты. Результаты хроматографирования показали, что эфирное масло представлено в основном 12 соединениями, доминирующими из которых оказались 1,8-цинеол (эвкалиптол), альфа-терпенилацетат и метилэвгенол. В ходе хроматографирования также установлено, что оптимальным экстрагентом является метоксинонафторбутан, экстрагирующий терпеноиды с наибольшим выходом. Показана перспективность использования фреонов в качестве агентов для получения эфирного масла из листьев лавра благородного. Методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии определён состав эфирного масла, выделенного фреонами из листьев лавра благородного. Результаты хроматографирования показали, что в полученных фреоновых извлечениях, доминирующими оказались 1,8-цинеол (эвкалиптол), альфа-терпенилацетат и метилэвгенол, что близко по составу к нативному эфирному маслу, согласно литературным данным. Заключение:&amp;nbsp;Показана перспективность использования фреонов в качестве агентов для получения эфирного масла из листьев лавра благородного. В ходе хроматографирования установлено, что оптимальным экстрагентом является метоксинонафторбутан, экстрагирующий летучие компоненты с наибольшим выходом, по сравнению с фторкетоном и н-гексаном, кроме того, метоксифторбутан нетоксичен по сравнению с н-гексаном. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:&amp;nbsp;Laurel noble &amp;ndash; Laurus nobilis L., a plant whose leaves are widely used in cooking and are used in folk medicine. L. nobilis L. leaves contain more than 80 volatile components, represented mainly by monocyclic monoterpenes. The identification of more and more new therapeutic properties of the plant testifies to its incompletely undisclosed therapeutic potential. However, despite the impressive therapeutic potential of the plant, it is not used in domestic scientific medicine. The aim of the study:&amp;nbsp;To describe the spectrum of types of pharmacological activity of L. nobilis L. and selection of the optimal extractant for the extraction of essential oil from the leaves of the object under study. Materials and methods:&amp;nbsp;Laurel leaves were used as the test material. The essential oil from the leaves was obtained by extraction with freons, which are methoxynonafluorobutane and fluoroketone. The extractant for comparison was n-hexane. The method of studying essential oils was chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chromatography was performed on a gas chromatograph &amp;ndash; mass spectrometer &amp;ndash; GCMS-QP2010 Ultra, Shimadzu, Japan. Ionization is carried out in the electronic shock mode, detection by the total ionic current (SCAN) in the programmed temperature mode. Results:&amp;nbsp;According to the literature, the essential oil of L. nobilis L. leaves have a pronounced antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. Polyphenolic compounds of L. nobilis L. leaves are represented by flavonoids, derivatives of kaempferol and quercetin. It is believed that flavonoids are responsible for hypoglycemic, insular protective, antioxidant effects. The results of chromatography showed that the essential oil is represented mainly by 12 compounds, the dominant of which were 1.8-cineole (eucalyptol), alpha-terpenyl acetate and methyleugenol. During chromatography, it was also found that the optimal extractant is methoxynonafluorobutane, which extracts terpenoids with the highest yield. The prospects of using freons as agents for obtaining essential oil from laurel leaves have been shown. The composition of the essential oil isolated by freons from the leaves of laurel was determined by the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results of chromatography showed that in the obtained freon extracts, 1.8-cineole (eucalyptol), alpha-terpenyl acetate and methyleugenol were dominant, which is close in composition to the native essential oil, according to literature data. Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;The prospects of using freons as agents for extracting essential oil from L. nobilis L. leaves were shown. During chromatography, it was found that the optimal extractant is methoxynonafluorobutane, which extracts volatile components with the highest yield compared to fluoroketone and n-hexane; in addition, methoxyfluorobutane is non-toxic compared to n-hexane.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармакологическая активность листьев лавра</kwd><kwd>фреоны</kwd><kwd>эфирное масло</kwd><kwd>хромато-масс-спектрометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmacological activity of laurel leaves</kwd><kwd>freons</kwd><kwd>essential oil</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography-mass spectrometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Afifi FU, Khalil E, Tamimi SO, et al. Evaluation of the gastroprotective effect of Laurus nobilis seeds on ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats. . 1997;:9-14. 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