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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2022-8-3-0-8</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2811</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Аномальные маточные кровотечения: этиология и патогенез (описательный обзор)&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Abnormal uterine bleeding: etiology and pathogenesis (descriptive review)&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Енькова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Enkova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>enkova@bk.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>e.v.kiseleva@vrngmu.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоперская</surname><given-names>Ольга Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoperskaya</surname><given-names>Оlga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>smv250587@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатунцев</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatuncev</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrei-hat@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрина</surname><given-names>Инга Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurina</surname><given-names>Inga D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>inga.tyurina@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2022/3/Биомедисследования_3-2022-103-119.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: Несмотря на прогресс в медицине маточные кровотечения остаются общеизвестной медицинской проблемой. Аномальные маточные кровотечения оказывают негативное влияние на физическое, эмоциональное, социальное, в т.ч. материальное благополучие женского населения. Около трети женщин обращается за медицинской помощью к гинекологу в связи с аномальными маточными кровотечениями. Их частота увеличивается с возрастом: если в репродуктивном возрасте она составляет 20-30%, то в период пери- и постменопаузы возрастает до 80%. Аномальные маточные кровотечения занимают 2-е место среди причин госпитализации женщин в гинекологические стационары, служат показанием для большей части хирургических вмешательств, в т.ч. деструктивных. Цель исследования: Рассмотреть этиологию и патогенез аномальных маточных кровотечений, их современную терминологию и классификационные системы, опираясь на данные руководств и исследований последних лет, что позволит систематизировать знания исследователей и клиницистов о данной проблеме, выбрать оптимальный метод терапии. Материалы и методы: Нами был проведен анализ литературных данных по проблеме аномальных маточных кровотечений, опубликованных за последние 10 лет. Были использованы следующие источники: PubMed, Elibrary, Scopus. Результаты: Анализ литературных источников продемонстрировал, что проблема аномальных маточных кровотечений актуальна и находится в центре внимания клиницистов, исследователей, международных гинекологических обществ, рассматривается в международных рекомендациях. Использование единой терминологии и универсальной классификационной системы аномальных маточных кровотечений, предложенной Международной федерацией гинекологии и акушерства, позволило систематизировать знания об этой проблеме, разрешить трудности в проведении научных исследований и разработке стандартов ведения больных. Заключение: Международная федерация гинекологии и акушерства рекомендует для классификации причин аномальных маточных кровотечений использовать систему PALM-COEIN, которая включает структурные и неструктурные причины кровотечения, исключая гестационные причины. Этиологический диагноз определяет метод терапии маточных кровотечений и напрямую связан с успехом лечения. Знание основ патогенеза развития маточного кровотечения при тех или иных состояниях позволит разработать новые инструменты диагностики и мониторинга, которые помогут стратифицировать лечение женщин с аномальными маточными кровотечениями, особенно в отношении &amp;laquo;эндометриальных&amp;raquo; и &amp;laquo;неклассифицированных&amp;raquo; причин</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:&amp;nbsp;Despite advances in medicine, uterine bleeding remains a well-known medical problem. Abnormal uterine bleeding has a negative impact on the physical, emotional, social, incl. material well-being of the female population. About a third of all women seek medical help from a gynecologist in connection with abnormal uterine bleeding. Their frequency increases with age: if in the reproductive age it is 20-30%, then in the period of peri- and postmenopause it increases to 80%. Abnormal uterine bleeding ranks second among the reasons for hospitalization of women to gynecological inpatient facilities and are indications for most surgical interventions, including destructive. The aim of the study:&amp;nbsp;To consider the etiology and pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding, modern terminology and classification systems, based on the recent data of guidelines and studies of recent years. It will allow to systematize the knowledge of researchers and clinicians about this problem and will help to choose the optimal therapy method. Materials and methods:&amp;nbsp;We analyzed the literature data on the problem of abnormal uterine bleeding published over the past 10 years. The resources PubMed, Elibrary, Scopus were used to analyze the data. Results:&amp;nbsp;The analysis of literature sources showed that the problem of abnormal uterine bleeding and possible ways to solve it is still relevant and is the focus of attention of clinicians, researchers, international gynecological societies, and is considered in international recommendations. The use of a unified terminology and the universal classification system for abnormal uterine bleeding, proposed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics made it possible to systematize knowledge about this problem, resolve difficulties in conducting scientific research and develop standards for patient management. Conclusion:&amp;nbsp;The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics recommends using the PALM-COEIN system to classify causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, which includes structural and non-structural causes of bleeding, excluding gestational causes. The etiological diagnosis determines the method of therapy of uterine bleeding and is directly related to the success of treatment. Knowledge of the pathogenesis fundamentals of uterine bleeding will allow the development of new diagnostic and monitoring tools that will help stratify the treatment of women with abnormal uterine bleeding, especially in relation to &amp;quot;endometrial&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;unclassified&amp;quot; causes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маточное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>аномальное маточное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>тяжелое менструальное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>полип эндометрия</kwd><kwd>аденомиоз</kwd><kwd>миома матки</kwd><kwd>рак эндометрия</kwd><kwd>гиперплазия эндометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uterine bleeding</kwd><kwd>abnormal uterine bleeding</kwd><kwd>heavy menstrual bleeding</kwd><kwd>endometrial polyp</kwd><kwd>adenomyosis</kwd><kwd>uterine myoma</kwd><kwd>endometrial cancer</kwd><kwd>endometrial hyperplasia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS. 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