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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2025-11-2-0-6</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3771</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Фармакология, клиническая фармакология</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Метаболические и функциональные эффекты комплексной терапии почечной и сердечно-сосудистой патологии ингибиторами натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2 типа у больных сахарным диабетом и Covid-19 (обзор)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Metabolic and functional effects of complex therapy of renal and cardiovascular pathology with sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in patients with diabetes mellitus and Covid-19 (review)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзугкоев</surname><given-names>Сергей Гаврилович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzugkoev</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>biohimik-bog@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзугкоева</surname><given-names>Фира Соломоновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzugkoeva</surname><given-names>Fira S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>patbiochem@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хубулова</surname><given-names>Анна Елизбаровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khubulova</surname><given-names>Anna E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kvizia@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маргиева</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Margieva</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>margievaolga@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2025/2/Биомедисследования_11_2-92-108.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: Изучение механизмов развития хронической патологии почек и сопутствующих нарушений сердечно-сосудистой системы у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД-2) и его сочетание с Covid-19 остается актуальной проблемой. Современные методы терапии больных СД рекомендуют к использованию новый класс препаратов - ингибиторов активности натрий-глюкозного котранспортеров-2 типа, а также стимулирующих секрецию инсулина: агонистов глюкогоноподобного пептида, ингибиторов дипептидилпентидазы-4. Цель исследования: Анализ данных литературы о механизмах действия ингибиторов натрий глюкозного котранспортеров в терапии хронической почечной и сердечно-сосудистой патологии у больных СД и Covid-19. Материалы и методы: Методологические подходы, используемые в обзоре для реализации поставленной цели, основываются на изучении в реферативных базах данных: PubМed, Google scholar, E-library источников литературы последних 10 лет (более 135 источников), из которых в обзор включены данные 58 статей: 24 оригинальных статей, 18 обзоров, 6 метаанализов, 1 письма редактору, 1 рандомизированного исследования, 6 ретроспективных когортных исследований, 2 заявлений о позиции Европейской и Американской ассоциаций. Результаты: Рассмотрены механизмы действия ингибиторов НГЛТ-2 типа в свете рено- и кардиопротекции. Выявлена способность иНГЛТ-2 оказывать позитивное влияние на процессы проксимальной реабсорбции глюкозы и натрия, а также на скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ). Проведен анализ механизмов взаимосвязи СД и Covid-19. Установлена антиоксидантная способность этих препаратов, вследствие подавления активности ПОЛ в митохондриях клеток проксимальных канальцев почек. Установлено сахароснижающее действие иНГЛТ-2, улучшение гликемического контроля, снижение массы тела и артериального давления. В группе больных СД-2 приём эмпаглифлозина вызвал угнетение частоты случаев повышения креатинина на 46%, а потребность в заместительной почечной терапии на 55% сравнительно с плацебо. Последующее наблюдение пациентов показало длительную стабилизацию функции почек, что выражалось в поддержании уровня СКФ, уменьшении случаев летальных исходов на 40%. Проанализированы механизмы действия и других препаратов: метформина и глюкокортикоидов при СД и Covid-19. Заключение: Эпидемиологическими исследованиями выявлено, что СД является фактором риска развития патологии кардио-ренальной системы в сочетании с Covid-19. Включение иНГЛТ-2 в антидиабетическую терапию позволяет повысить эффективность лечения и их способность оказывать нефропротективное и кардиопротективное действия</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Studying the mechanisms of development of chronic kidney pathology and concomitant disorders of the cardiovascular system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and its combination with Covid-19 remains an urgent problem. Modern methods of treating patients with diabetes recommend the use of a new class of drugs &amp;ndash; inhibitors of the activity of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2, as well as those stimulating insulin secretion: glucagon-like peptide agonists, dipeptidyl pentidase-4 inhibitors. The aim of the study: Analysis of literature data on the mechanisms of action of sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors in the treatment of chronic renal and cardiovascular pathology in patients with DM and Covid-19. Materials and methods: The methodological approaches used in the review to achieve this goal are based on the study of abstract databases: PubMed, Google scholar, E-library literature sources of the last 10 years (more than 135 sources), of which the review included data from 58 articles: 24 original articles, 18 reviews, 6 meta-analyses, 1 letter to the editor, 1 randomized trial, 6 retrospective cohort studies, 2 European and American Association position statements. Results: The mechanisms of action of type 2 SGLT inhibitors are considered in the light of reno- and cardioprotection. The ability of NGLT-2 to have a positive effect on the processes of proximal reabsorption of glucose and sodium, as well as on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was revealed. An analysis of the mechanisms of the relationship between diabetes and Covid-19 was carried out. The antioxidant capacity of these drugs was established due to the suppression of LPO activity in the mitochondria of the cells of the proximal tubules of the kidneys. The hypoglycemic effect of NGLT-2, improvement of glycemic control, reduction of body weight and blood pressure has been established. In the group of patients with type 2 diabetes, taking empagliflazine caused a suppression of the incidence of increases in creatinine by 46%, and the need for renal replacement therapy by 55% compared with placebo. Follow-up of patients showed long-term stabilization of renal function, which was reflected in the maintenance of GFR levels and a reduction in deaths by 40%. The mechanisms of action of other drugs were analyzed: metformin and glucocorticoids in diabetes and Covid-19. Conclusion: Epidemiological studies have revealed that diabetes is a risk factor for the development of pathology of the cardiorenal system in combination with Covid-19. The inclusion of SGLT-2 inhibitors in antidiabetic therapy can increase the effectiveness of treatment and their ability to provide nephroprotective and cardioprotective effects</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2 типа</kwd><kwd>нефропатия</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>Covid-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors</kwd><kwd>nephropathy</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular insufficiency</kwd><kwd>Covid-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Колегова ИИ, Чернявина АИ, Козиолова НА. 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