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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2025-11-3-0-2</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3848</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Генетика</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на частоту и спектр хромосомных нарушений абортусов при невынашивании беременности раннего срока&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency and spectrum of chromosomal abnormalities in abortions in early pregnancy failure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неронова</surname><given-names>Елизавета Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neronova</surname><given-names>Elizaveta G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>neliner@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Василисса Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Vasilissa A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vasilissalee@gmail.com</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2025/3/Биомедисследования_3-22-37.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: Неблагоприятное воздействие COVID-19 сказалось на состоянии различных органов и систем человека, в том числе и репродуктивной системы; в связи с этим оценка негативных последствий COVID-19 для репродукции стала предметом научных исследований. Цель исследования: Изучение влияния пандемии COVID-19 на генетические процессы раннего эмбрионального развития человека. Материалы и методы: Молекулярно-цитогенетическое исследование (FISH-диагностика с использованием центромерных и локус-специфических проб к хромосомам Х, У, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22) выполнено на интерфазных клетках 1408 образцов абортного материала при невынашивании беременности раннего срока. Определены частота и спектр хромосомных аномалий в образцах, полученных до объявления пандемии COVID-19 и в период пандемии. Результаты: Частота абортусов с хромосомными нарушениями в период пандемии соответствует допандемийным показателям. Установлены изменения числа абортусов с различными типами хромосомных нарушений, не достигающие уровней статистически достоверных различий до пандемии COVID-19 и во время пандемии, для большинства изученных показателей. Однако в период пандемии выявлено статистически достоверное увеличение частоты абортусов с трисомией хромосомы 22. Анализ показал, что во время пандемии возросло количество обращений в лабораторию пациенток старше 36 лет, что явилось причиной увеличения числа эмбрионов с данным типом патологии. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить изменение репродуктивных намерений различных возрастных групп населения, что привело к росту пациенток старше 36 лет и увеличению частоты эмбрионов с хромосомными нарушениями. Также в период пандемии был выявлен сдвиг соотношения полов эмбрионов: увеличилось количество абортусов женского пола и возросла частота хромосомной патологии именно у эмбрионов этого пола. Заключение: По результатам настоящего исследования, COVID-19 и пандемия COVID-19 не привели к увеличению общей частоты хромосомной патологии в процессе раннего эмбриогенеза человека, но демонстрируют изменения спектра выявляемой генетической патологии, обусловленные возрастом пациенток. Необходимо продолжать исследования в данной области для более глубокого понимания влияния как вируса, так и социальных проявлений пандемии COVID-19 на генетические процессы, что может привести к увеличению мутационного груза в популяциях человека</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: The adverse effects of COVID-19 have affected the condition of various human organs and systems, including the reproductive system; in this regard, the assessment of the negative effects of COVID-19 on reproduction has become the subject of scientific research. The aim of the study: To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the genetic processes of early human embryonic development. Materials and methods: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation with centromeric and locus-specific probes for chromosomes X, Y, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22 was performed on interphase cells from 1408 abortions in early pregnancy failure. The frequency and spectrum of chromosomal abnormalities in samples obtained before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the pandemic period were determined. Results: The frequency of abortus with chromosomal abnormalities during the pandemic corresponds to pre-pandemic values. Changes in the number of abortuses with different types of chromosomal abnormalities were observed, but these changes did not reach statistically significant levels before or during the pandemic for most of the abnormalities studied. However, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of abortuses with trisomy of chromosome 22 was found during this period of the pandemic. The analysis showed that there was an increase in the number of patients over 36 years of age. This was the reason for the increase in the number of embryos with this type of pathology. The results obtained suggest a change in the reproductive intentions of different age groups in the population. This has led to an increase in patients over the age of 36 and an increase in the frequency of chromosomally abnormal embryos. During the pandemic, a shift in the sex ratio of embryos was also detected: the number of female abortuses increased, as did the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in this sex. Conclusion: COVID-19 and the pandemic of COVID-19 did not increase the total frequency of chromosomal abnormalities during early human embryogenesis but results demonstrate changes in the spectrum of detectable genetic pathology due to the age of the patients. Further research in this area is needed to better understand the impact of both the virus and the social manifestations of the COVID-19 pandemic on genetic processes that may lead to an increased mutation burden in human populations</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd><kwd>невынашивание беременности раннего срока</kwd><kwd>абортусы</kwd><kwd>хромосомные аномалии</kwd><kwd>мутационный груз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd><kwd>early pregnancy failure</kwd><kwd>abortus</kwd><kwd>chromosomal abnormalities</kwd><kwd>mutation burden</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Вступительное слово Генерального директора на пресс брифинге по COVID-19 11 марта 2020 г. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (11 марта 2020) [Электронный ресурс] [дата обращения 04.02.2025]. 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