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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2025-11-3-0-8</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Влияние характера питания и пищевых привычек, дефицита макро- и микронутриентов на репродуктивное здоровье женщин (обзор)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;The influence of eating patterns and dietary habits, deficiency of macro- and micronutrients on the reproductive health of women (review)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мингареева</surname><given-names>Карина Ниловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mingareeva</surname><given-names>Karina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mkn1805@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2025/3/Биомедисследования_3-138-163.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: В российской и международной литературе все больше уделяется внимания выявлению модифицируемых факторов риска окружающей среды, образа жизни и питания, влияющих на репродуктивную функцию человека. Причем важно, что эти факторы, влияя на репродуктивное здоровье как женщин, так и мужчин, в конечном счете, негативно отражаются на здоровье потомства. Изучение влияния питания на функционирование репродуктивной системы, позволит спрогнозировать возможные нарушения и своевременно предупредить их развитие. Цель исследования: Резюмировать данные исследователей о влиянии рациона питания, дефицита макро- и микронутриентов на показатели репродуктивного здоровья женщин. Материалы и методы: Проведен ретроспективный анализ научных работ за прошедшие 10 лет без языковых ограничений, задействуя ресурсы поисковых систем PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar, по ключевым словам. Для этого обобщенного анализа мы использовали публикации, содержащие доказательную экспериментальную и клиническую базу по наиболее актуальным вопросам питания, пищевым пристрастиям и дефициту макро- и микронутриентов, а также их влиянию на репродуктивное здоровье современных женщин. Результаты: Многочисленные исследования показали взаимосвязь характера питания с фертильностью женщин. Благоприятное влияние растительного белка на фертильность может быть связано с улучшением чувствительности к инсулину и более низкой постпрандиальной секрецией этого гормона по сравнению с животным белком. Доказана связь между высоким титром антител к мишеням щитовидной железы и бесплодием/репродуктивными дисфункциями, включая снижение овариального резерва. Рецепторы витамина D экспрессируются во многих тканях репродуктивных органов: яичники, эндометрий, плацента, гипофиз и гипоталамус; витамин D влияет на различные эндокринные процессы и стероидогенез половых гормонов. Заключение: Рацион женщины, планирующей беременность, должен быть сбалансирован, как по количеству, так и по качеству поступающих углеводов; с высоким потреблением МНЖК и ПНЖК при низком потреблении трансжиров. Снизить долю животного белка и отдавать предпочтение растительным белкам. Ликвидировать дефициты основных микроэлементов, а также принимать дополнительно йод, витамин D, фолиевую кислоту, железо, магний в виде препаратов или БАДов. Эти меры позволят значительно повысить процент зачатия, вынашивания и рождение здорового потомства</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Russian and international literature increasingly focuses on identifying modifiable environmental, lifestyle, and nutritional risk factors that affect human reproductive function. Furthermore, it is crucial to recognise that these factors, which impact the reproductive health of both women and men, can have a negative impact on the health of their offspring. Studying the effect of nutrition on the functioning of the reproductive system will make it possible to predict possible disorders and prevent their development in a timely manner. The aim of the study: To summarize the researchers&amp;#39; data on the impact of diet, macro- and micronutrient deficiency on women&amp;#39;s reproductive health. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of scientific papers over the past 10 years has been conducted without language restrictions, using the resources of the PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar search engines, by keywords. For this generalized analysis, we used publications containing evidence-based experimental and clinical data on the most pressing nutrition issues, dietary preferences and deficiencies of macro- and micronutrients, as well as their impact on the reproductive health of modern women. Results: Numerous studies have shown the interrelation between eating patterns and women&amp;#39;s fertility. The beneficial effect of plant protein on fertility may be due to improved insulin sensitivity and lower postprandial secretion of this hormone compared to animal protein. A link has been proven between a high titre of antibodies to thyroid targets and infertility/reproductive dysfunctions, including a decrease in ovarian reserve. Vitamin D receptors are expressed in many tissues of the reproductive organs: ovaries, endometrium, placenta, pituitary gland and hypothalamus; vitamin D affects various endocrine processes and steroidogenesis of sex hormones. Conclusion: A woman planning a pregnancy should ensure her diet is balanced in terms of the quantity and quality of carbohydrates she consumes, with a high intake of MUFA and PUFA and a low intake of trans fats. Reduce your intake of animal protein and opt for vegetable proteins instead. Ensure that deficiencies of essential trace elements are eliminated, and take additional iodine, vitamin D, folic acid, iron and magnesium in the form of medication or dietary supplements. These measures will significantly increase the percentage of conception, gestation and the birth of healthy offspring</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>характер питания</kwd><kwd>дефицит микроэлементов</kwd><kwd>гликемический индекс</kwd><kwd>белки</kwd><kwd>полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>фолиевая кислота</kwd><kwd>йод</kwd><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>железо</kwd><kwd>магний</kwd><kwd>репродуктивное здоровье</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nutrition</kwd><kwd>micronutrient deficiency</kwd><kwd>glycemic index</kwd><kwd>proteins</kwd><kwd>polyunsaturated fatty acids</kwd><kwd>folic acid</kwd><kwd>iodine</kwd><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>iron</kwd><kwd>magnesium</kwd><kwd>reproductive health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>United Nations. Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development [Электронный ресурс]. New York: United Nations; 2015. 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