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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2658-6533</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6533</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2658-6533-2025-11-4-0-2</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3937</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Генетика</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Частота, спектр и функциональное значение мутаций в гене &lt;em&gt;MIR-142&lt;/em&gt; при диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфоме&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Frequency, spectrum, and functional significance of mutations in the &lt;em&gt;MIR-142&lt;/em&gt; gene in diffuse large B-cell cell lymphoma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаева</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaeva</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vena.81@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серегина</surname><given-names>Ольга Борисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seregina</surname><given-names>Olga B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>alepu@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войтко</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voytko</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>voytko.marie@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babaeva</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>babaeva_tatyana@inbox.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Наталия Валерьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nata_sk78@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>Владимир Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>Vladimir N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>medik11@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поспелова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pospelova</surname><given-names>Tatiana I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>postatgem@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/medicine/2025/4/Биомедисследования_24.10.2025-17-37.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность: MIR-142 является единственным геном микроРНК человека, в котором при диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфоме (ДВККЛ) с высокой частотой выявляются мутации. Ранние исследования нарушений в данном гене были основаны на анализе нескольких десятков биообразцов лимфомы и не уделяли внимания оценке функционального эффекта выявленных изменений. Цель исследования: Описать частоту и спектр мутаций в гене MIR-142 на крупной выборке образцов опухолевой ткани пациентов с ДВККЛ, а также провести анализ in silico их функционального значения. Материалы и методы: Проведено прямое секвенирование по Сенгеру гена MIR-142 в 123 образцах ДНК, выделенной из срезов FFPE-блоков биоптатов опухолевых лимфоузлов пациентов с ДВККЛ. Предсказание in silico генов-мишеней для каждой из &amp;laquo;ключевых&amp;raquo; последовательностей микроРНК выполнено с помощью онлайн-инструмента miRDB. Для определения функции генов-мишеней микроРНК проведен анализ обогащения терминов генных онтологий молекулярных функций и биологических процессов с помощью PANTHER на базе биоинформационного ресурса Gene Ontology. Для предсказания вторичной структуры &amp;laquo;шпильки&amp;raquo; микроРНК и расчета ее минимальной свободной энергии (dG) использовался UNAfold web server. Результаты: Частота мутаций в группе исследования составила 16,7%, в трех случаях имели место множественные однонуклеотидные замены в последовательности MIR-142. Всего выявлено 24 типа однонуклеотидных замен, транзиции преобладали над трансверсиями. Анализ распределения мутаций по последовательности гена MIR-142 показал, что лишь 15% было локализовано в &amp;laquo;ключевых&amp;raquo; областях, большая же часть &amp;ndash; за ее пределами: в последовательности зрелых цепей (30%), предшественника (40%) или первичного транскрипта (10%) микроРНК. Анализ in silico влияния замен, расположенных в &amp;laquo;ключевой&amp;raquo; последовательности, на взаимодействия микроРНК-мРНК показал, что все три выявленные в группе исследования мутации приводят к существенному изменению набора регулируемых генов. Наиболее выраженные изменения спектра регулируемых генов установлены для n.68G/A. Практически все описанные нами мутации в той или иной степени влияли на структуру и термостабильность микроРНК &amp;laquo;шпильки&amp;raquo;. Заключение: Полученные данные свидетельствуют о существенном влияние мутаций в &amp;laquo;ключевой&amp;raquo; последовательности на переключение генов-мишеней зрелых цепей изучаемой микроРНК. Необходимы дальнейшие функциональные исследования для подтверждения влияния предсказанных изменений термодинамической стабильности и вторичной структуры на биогенез зрелых цепей микроРНК</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: MIR-142 is the only human microRNA gene that is highly mutated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Early studies of abnormalities in this gene were based on the analysis of several lymphoma biospecimens and did not focus on assessing the functional effect of the detected changes. The aim of the study: To describe the frequency and spectrum of mutations in the MIR-142 gene in a large sample of tumor tissue samples from patients with DLBCL, as well as to analyze their functional significance in silico. Materials and methods: Direct Sanger sequencing of the MIR-142 gene was performed in 123 DNA samples isolated from sections of FFPE blocks from biopsies of tumor lymph nodes in patients with DLBCL. In silico prediction of target genes for each of the &amp;quot;seed&amp;quot; microRNA sequences was performed using the miRDB online tool. To determine the function of microRNA target genes, an analysis of the enrichment of terms of gene ontologies of molecular functions and biological processes using PANTHER based on the bioinformatics resource Gene Ontology was carried out. To predict the secondary structure of the microRNA hairpin and calculate its minimum free energy (dG), we used UNAfold web server. Results: The mutation rate in the study group was 16.7%, and in three cases there were multiple single-nucleotide substitutions in the MIR-142 sequence. A total of 24 types of single nucleotide substitutions were identified, with transitions prevailing over transversions. An analysis of the distribution of mutations in the sequence of the MIR-142 gene showed that only 15% were localized in &amp;quot;key&amp;quot; regions, while the majority were located outside it: in the sequence of mature strands (30%), the precursor (40%) or the primary transcript (10%) of microRNAs. An in silico analysis of the effect of substitutions located in the &amp;quot;seed&amp;quot; sequence on microRNA-mRNA interactions showed that all three mutations identified in the study group lead to a significant change in the set of regulated genes. The most pronounced changes in the spectrum of regulated genes were found for n.68G/A. Almost all of the mutations we described affected the structure and thermal stability of the hairpin microRNAs to one degree or another. Conclusion: The data obtained indicate a significant effect of mutations in the &amp;quot;seed&amp;quot; sequence on the switching of target genes in the mature strands of the microRNA under study. Further functional studies needed to confirm the effect of the predicted changes in thermodynamic stability and secondary structure on the biogenesis of mature microRNA strands</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диффузная В-клеточная крупноклеточная лимфома</kwd><kwd>регуляция микроРНК</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd><kwd>miR-142</kwd><kwd>мутационный профиль</kwd><kwd>высокопроизводительное секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diffuse large B-cell lymphoma</kwd><kwd>microRNA regulation</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>miR-142</kwd><kwd>mutation profile</kwd><kwd>high-throughput sequencing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Поддубная ИВ, Бабичева ЛГ, Барях ЕА. Диффузная В-клеточная крупноклеточная лимфома: штрихи к эпидемиологическому портрету. Современная Онкология. 2023;25(3):342-345. 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