DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2023-9-4-0-1

Перспективы исследования ретроэлементов в терапии COVID-19 (обзор)

Рустам Наилевич Мустафин
Эльза Камилевна Хуснутдинова

Актуальность: Поиск методов лечения COVID-19 с использованием генетических достижений может стать основой для эффективной борьбы с данной вирусной инфекцией. Таргетная терапия с применением некодирующих РНК отвечает условиям современной персонализированной медицины, поскольку позволит диагностировать вовлеченные в патогенез COVID-19 молекулярные механизмы и точно воздействовать на них. Цель исследования:Определить наиболее значимые эпигенетические звенья патогенеза COVID-19, воздействие на которые перспективно для разработки таргетной терапии. Материалы и методы:Использованы базы данных Scopus, WoS, PubMed для анализа роли микроРНК, длинных некодирующих РНК, ретроэлементов в развитии COVID-19. Результаты:Согласно проанализированной литературе, длинные некодирующие РНК и при-микроРНК способны транслироваться с образованием функциональных пептидов, которые регулируют экспрессию собственных и других генов. В патогенезе COVID-19 важную роль играют эпигенетические факторы, что отражается в изменении экспрессии определенных некодирующих РНК у пациентов в зависимости от степени тяжести и характера течения болезни. Это может быть обусловлено участием ретроэлементов в противовирусном ответе и его неэффективности при старении. Результатом являются более тяжелые формы COVID-19 у пожилых людей с развитием цитокинового шторма, несмотря на наличие физиологического иммунодефицита. Заключение: Поскольку особенности экспрессии специфических некодирующих РНК у пожилых больных COVID-19 отражают регуляторный дисбаланс транспозонов, перспективна разработка пептидов, влияющих на экспрессию микроРНК, длинных некодирующих РНК и ретроэлементов. Данный подход мог бы стать основой не только для эффективного лечения возрастных пациентов, но и для продления их жизни в связи с влиянием на эпигенетические механизмы старения. Для этого необходимо определение спектра действия синтезируемых для терапии COVID-19 пептидов

Ключевые слова: вирусы, длинные некодирующие РНК, микроРНК, пептиды, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2.

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Мустафин РН, Хуснутдинова ЭК. Перспективы исследования ретроэлементов в терапии COVID-19 (обзор). Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований. 2023;9(4):422-445. [Mustafin RN, Khusnutdinova EK. Prospects for the investigation of retroelements therapy for COVID-19 (review). Research Results in Biomedicine. 2023;9(4):422-445. Russian]. DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2023-9-4-0-1

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Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований включен в научную базу РИНЦ (лицензионный договор № 765-12/2014 от 08.12.2014).

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Научные результаты биомедицинских исследований (ISSN 2658-6533)

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Учредитель: федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет» (НИУ «БелГУ»). Адрес: 308015, Белгородская область, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85.

Издатель: федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет» (НИУ «БелГУ»). Адрес: 308015, Белгородская область, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85.

Редакция: главный редактор Михаил Иванович Чурносов, e-mail: RR_MedPharm@bsuedu.ru, тел.: +7 (4722) 30-14-03.

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