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DOI: 10.18413/2313-8955-2018-4-1-53-69

THE INVOLVEMENT OF GENES OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTEIAL HYPERTENSION AND ITS COMPLICATION (REVIEW)

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in Russia and in the world, and hypertension is considered to be an independent predisposing factor in such complications as myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, chronic renal failure and aneurysm. The study of the molecular genetic basis of hypertension is an important task of modern medicine and determines the prospects for its personalization. The aim of this review is to generalize the experimental data on genetic associations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) gene polymorphisms with the development of arterial hypertension and its complications. Materials and methods. The paper reviews the data on associations of polymorphisms of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12 with development of hypertension and its complications. The search and analysis of the literature data was carried out using the PubMed-NCBI databases (https: //preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.Gov/pubmed). Results of the study and conclusion. According to the latest data, the genes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are involved in the etiopathogenesis of hypertension. This group of proteolytic enzymes with a wide range of biological functions, which are responsible for the hydrolysis of all components of the extracellular matrix. In the vascular wall, MMPs affect the migration, proliferation and apoptosis of smooth muscle, endothelial and inflammatory cells, thereby determining the formation of intima and arterial remodeling, as evidenced by clinical and transgenic studies. The facts about the role of MMP polymorphic markers in the development of arterial hypertension do not always agree with each other and differ in different populations, which can be explained by differences in the ethnic composition and size of the study groups and the design of the study.

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