Psychoemotional status of elderly patients with cataracts
Background: Cataracts are highly prevalent among ophthalmic pathologies in old and senile age. In modern conditions, cataracts are the leading cause of vision loss in old age and can contribute to the development of anxiety-depressive disorders, which are practically not studied in this group of people. The aim of the study:To study anxiety and depressive disorders in elderly patients with cataracts. Materials and methods: 84 patients aged 60-74 with cataracts were examined at the Tambov branch of Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery State Institution. 85 patients of the same age without cataracts were monitored. Personal anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger-Hanin test, and depressive status was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. The reliability of differences was determined by the U-Mann-Whitney criterion. Results: Development and formation of mature cataract in old age was found to be characterized by a more frequent occurrence of depressive disorders. The mean depressive status score in patients aged 60-74 with cataracts is 22.8±1.2 points, while in patients of the same age without cataracts its value was significantly lower and was17.4±0.9 points. In the group of elderly patients without cataracts, the absence of depressive disorders was observed in 85.9%, while in the group of elderly patients with cataracts, this indicator was significantly lower and amounted to 23.8%. At the same time, most 60-74-year-old patients with cataracts suffer from depression, namely, 20.2% versus 5.9% in the control group. Deterioration in the psychoemotional status of elderly patients with cataracts can be also explained by changes in personal anxiety. The level of personal anxiety is statistically significantly higher in the main group (45.9±1.6 points) and corresponds to the average level, while in the age control group (32.2±1.3 points) – to a low level. An in-depth analysis of elderly patients with cataracts revealed the predominance of persons with medium (45.2±5.4%) and increased (30.9±5.0%) personal anxiety. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate a significant impact of cataracts on the formation of anxiety-depressive disorders in the elderly, which should be taken into account when examining patients and prescribing therapeutic measures due to the possibility of reducing compliance, synergy and adverse reactions of the drugs used.
Popova EV. Psychoemotional status of elderly patients with cataracts. Research Results in Biomedicine. 2020;6(4):538-545. Russian. DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2020-6-4-0-9
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