The influence of eating patterns and dietary habits, deficiency of macro- and micronutrients on the reproductive health of women (review)
Background: Russian and international literature increasingly focuses on identifying modifiable environmental, lifestyle, and nutritional risk factors that affect human reproductive function. Furthermore, it is crucial to recognise that these factors, which impact the reproductive health of both women and men, can have a negative impact on the health of their offspring. Studying the effect of nutrition on the functioning of the reproductive system will make it possible to predict possible disorders and prevent their development in a timely manner. The aim of the study:To summarize the researchers' data on the impact of diet, macro- and micronutrient deficiency on women's reproductive health. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of scientific papers over the past 10 years has been conducted without language restrictions, using the resources of the PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar search engines, by keywords. For this generalized analysis, we used publications containing evidence-based experimental and clinical data on the most pressing nutrition issues, dietary preferences and deficiencies of macro- and micronutrients, as well as their impact on the reproductive health of modern women. Results: Numerous studies have shown the interrelation between eating patterns and women's fertility. The beneficial effect of plant protein on fertility may be due to improved insulin sensitivity and lower postprandial secretion of this hormone compared to animal protein. A link has been proven between a high titre of antibodies to thyroid targets and infertility/reproductive dysfunctions, including a decrease in ovarian reserve. Vitamin D receptors are expressed in many tissues of the reproductive organs: ovaries, endometrium, placenta, pituitary gland and hypothalamus; vitamin D affects various endocrine processes and steroidogenesis of sex hormones. Conclusion: A woman planning a pregnancy should ensure her diet is balanced in terms of the quantity and quality of carbohydrates she consumes, with a high intake of MUFA and PUFA and a low intake of trans fats. Reduce your intake of animal protein and opt for vegetable proteins instead. Ensure that deficiencies of essential trace elements are eliminated, and take additional iodine, vitamin D, folic acid, iron and magnesium in the form of medication or dietary supplements. These measures will significantly increase the percentage of conception, gestation and the birth of healthy offspring
Mingareeva KN. The influence of eating patterns and dietary habits, deficiency of macro- and micronutrients on the reproductive health of women (review). Research Results in Biomedicine. 2025;11(3):532-557. Russian. DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2025-11-3-0-8
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