Prevalence of clinical geriatric syndromes in cataract patients
Background: The geriatric status of older people is influenced by various factors, including somatic pathology. However, the impact of cataract, as a leading ophthalmic disease and the cause of blindness, on the geriatric profile has not been analyzed. The aim of the study: To study the prevalence of clinical geriatric syndromes in patients with cataracts. Materials and methods: The prevalence of clinical geriatric syndromes was studied in 220 elderly patients with cataracts, 240 elderly patients with cataracts, and 200 75-89-year-old patients with no cataracts and other ophthalmopathology. The identification of geriatric syndromes was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Cataract diagnostics was performed by optical coherence tomography. Results: It was found that among the large number of studied clinical geriatric syndromes in patients with cataracts, the most common syndrome is hypomobility, cognitive impairment and malnutrition syndrome. Moreover, their frequency is high not only in the old age group, but also in old age. In particular, hypomobility syndrome occurs, respectively, in 80.8±2.5 cases and 46.8±3.4 cases per 100 examined against 23.5±3.0 cases in the group without ophthalmopathology with a statistically significant difference not only in the indicated groups, but also in relation to other clinical geriatric syndromes. Cognitive impairment syndrome was detected in 64.2±3.1 cases and 33.2±3.2 cases per 100 people (p<0.001), malnutrition syndrome – in 60.4±3.2 and 26.8±3.0 cases (p<0.001). In the group of 75-89-year-old patients without ophthalmopathology, the syndrome of cognitive impairment and malnutrition was diagnosed in 21.5±2.9 cases and 16.5±2.6 cases per 100 people, respectively. The syndrome of sarcopenia, senile asthenia, falls, anxiety-depressive syndrome, sleep and urination disorders are much less common and, therefore, to a lesser extent affect the geriatric status of patients with cataracts in old and old age. Conclusion: In patients with cataracts, the most common syndrome is hypomobility, cognitive impairment and malnutrition, which must be taken into account when correcting their geriatric status.
Osmanov RE, Aksenov VV. Prevalence of clinical geriatric syndromes in cataract patients. Research Results in Biomedicine. 2023;9(2):268-277. Russian. DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2023-9-2-0-9
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