Social functional activity of patients with diabetic retinopathy
Background: Diabetic retinopathy, the prevalence of which is intensively increasing, is considered to be a potential factor causing a significant visual deficit in older age groups. However, when studying the geriatric aspects of diabetic retinopathy, the social functional activity of patients remains practically unexplored. The aim of the study: To analyze the social functional activity of elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy. Material and Methods: The study performed at the Tambov branch of the ISTC "Academician S.N. Fedorov Eye Microsurgery" involved 74 elderly patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy (the main group) and 51 patients aged 60-74 who had ophthalmological pathology neither at the time of examination nor in their anamneses (control group). Patients of both groups underwent a comprehensive standard ophthalmological examination with optical coherence tomography – angiography, fluorescent angiography, standard photoregistration of the ocular fundus, as well as the study of social functional activity on the Lawton scale. Factor analysis and the Statistica 10.0 program were used when processing data. Results: A statistically significant decrease in the social functional activity of elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy was found to be up to 3.10±0.08 points versus 5.38±0.09 points (p<0.001) in the control group. The greatest deterioration in social functional activity among the patients of the main group in terms of the average score was due to the restriction of the use of personal or public transport, amounting to 0.31±0.04 points compared with 0.74±0.07 points in the elderly group without ophthalmic disorders. In patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy, the independence of shopping was reduced by more than 2 times compared to the control, amounting to 0.33 ± 0.04 and 0.69 ± 0.07 points, respectively. Factor analysis showed that the greatest contribution to the reduction of social functional activity is the use of personal and public transport (0.876), making various purchases (0.708) and doing laundry (0.669). Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy causes a significant deterioration in social functional activity, which should be taken into account when organizing social care for elderly patients.
Agarkov NM, Lev IV, Tanygin MO, et al. Social functional activity of patients with diabetic retinopathy. Research Results in Biomedicine. 2022;8(4):516-523. Russian. DOI:10.18413/2658-6533-2022-8-4-0-9
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