Correlation of Biochemical Abnormalities with the Severity of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients
Background: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has a global impact. The laboratory assessments in Covid-19 illness help in better understanding the disease pathophysiology useful in screening asymptomatic individuals to diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring the affected patients. The aim of the study: To observe the association between biochemical and inflammatory parameters among the hospitalised COVID-19 patients of different clinical severity. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study carried out with the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee. The study included patients over 18 years, hospitalised with COVID-19 infection, grouped into three severity groups, admitted to ward, high dependency unit or intensive care unit between May to September 2020. Data collection was carried out by manual perusal of inpatient case sheets, computerised patient data system and transcription database for discharge summaries. The biochemical and inflammatory markers like plasma glucose, renal function tests, serum electrolytes, liver function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-Reactive protein (CRP), d-dimer, ferritin, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at the time of admission were collected. Data was expressed as mean and standard deviation or median and range. ANOVA test followed by post hoc (Tukey) test, Pearson correlation and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Curve analysis were performed. Results: Significant correlations were observed between the mild and moderate-severe illness groups with respect to fasting plasma glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, direct bilirubin, total protein, albumin, ferritin and LDH. The AUC was the highest for LDH at 0.64 followed by blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio at 0.62. Conclusion: High levels of renal function parameters were potential predictors of acute kidney injury among patients with COVID-19. Fasting plasma glucose, serum albumin, LDH, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and BUN-creatinine ratio are better indicators of the severity of the disease with multiorgan dysfunction.
Silambanan S, Koshy T, K MK, et al. Correlation of Biochemical Abnormalities with the Severity of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients. Research Results in Biomedicine. 2022;8(2): 221-233. DOI: 10.18413/2658-6533-2022-8-2-0-7
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The authors wish to thank the participants who have provided the data for conducting the study and publication of this article. The authors wish to thank the management for providing the necessary infrastructure and support for conducting the study and publication of the article.